The Jamestown Company had a serious problem. Would-be settlers were abandoning the colony and returning to England. Why? Almost every colonist was a man. They might be willing to endure famine, disease, and warfare, but many of the colonists weren’t willing to do without a wife. And, of course, a colony without women wasn’t sustainable. So, the Company knew it had to do something to lure eligible brides to Jamestown.
To make the prospect of life on the Virginia frontier enticing, the Company devised a remarkable set of incentives. Women who agreed to come to Virginia to find a husband were provided free transportation, clothing, furniture, and a plot of land in their own name. They were also given property and inheritance rights that they wouldn’t have in England. Best of all they were allowed to choose their own husband (who was guaranteed to be wealthy). Each woman was courted by dozens of eager suitors, and the Company provided her with room and board while she weighed her options and made her choice.
A man lucky enough to win the wife sweepstakes was obligated to pay the Company 150 pounds of prime tobacco. A decade into its existence, the wife-supply business was the only part of the Jamestown Company’s operations that was profitable.
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