Psychology (and mental health), as defined by the APA and the DSM, is one of the most outdated disciplines as it currently stands.
Not everyone has narcissistic traits. This idea is largely based on outdated Freudian theories. The DSM is not inclusive of the work of other important pioneers in Psychology, such as Abraham Maslow.
Maslow’s theory of self-actualization emphasized the positive aspects of human nature. He believed that individuals have an inherent drive to reach their fullest potential and become the best version of themselves. Self-actualization involves pursuing personal growth, creativity, and a sense of fulfillment. This innate drive has nothing to do with any level of narcissism. This positive outlook resonates with many people because it offers a hopeful and empowering perspective on human behavior.
On the other hand, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory focused on negative aspects of human behavior, such as unconscious desires, conflicts, pen*s envy, and defense mechanisms. While Freud’s work has been influential in understanding the unconscious mind, it can be seen as more pessimistic and deterministic compared to Maslow’s emphasis on self-actualization.
Freud’s findings were seen as applicable to all individuals, regardless of their backgrounds or life experiences. This is precisely the reason the DSM has been widely criticized.
Narcissism is not an all-encompassing trait, applicable to every individual on the planet. Various theories, such as psychodynamic, social, and cognitive perspectives, have highlighted that narcissism is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and individual factors. Therefore, it is erroneous to assume that narcissistic tendencies are universally present in all individuals.
The notion that we all have narcissistic traits is a large-scale attempt to normalize a lack of empathy/self-centeredness and to shame everyone into believing that every thought and behavior they engage in has a narcissistic motive behind it, much in the way that religion says we’re all sinners just because we breathe.
If you look at a basic list of what are considered narcissistic traits, not everyone possesses them: grandiosity, lack of empathy, exploitation of others, arrogance, manipulative tendencies, sense of entitlement, etc. To say we all have these traits is simply not true.
What’s happened is that folks are taking the basic, universal human emotions and feelings that are essential aspects of human psychology and tying them to narcissism, i.e., narcissistic traits. This is wrong.
The field of mainstream Psychology is all too pleased to keep this false notion alive. While the psychodynamic approach made some valuable contributions, it also has many uncorrected flaws. Ultimately, there are many other approaches and frameworks that don’t pathologize trauma responses in the way that the DSM and mainstream Psychology do. Be mindful not to rely too heavily on this system to the exclusion of others that might be more applicable and validating to your situation.
Always thinking of you,
Kim 🕊️
GreatCosmicMothersUnite 